Muleman you need nitrate paper to make your paper cartridges. You can order the paper or you can make your own. I recommend you slug your bore, even though it is 54 cal. Dixie-Track of the Wolf-even Midway and several others have various molds,some primitive and some a little more modern. If you have some of the bullets you can shoot your rifle with out the paper by putting in the bullet and putting the powder on top till full-close the breech as if you were slicing off the paper catridge-then cap and fire. The paper cartridge is more for your convience than it is necessary. If you are going to build the paper cartridges you should order a kit for building them or do some reading to learn how to make the template to cut the proper size paper, the correct size of dowel rod to wrap the paper around, and the glue to hold the bullet and paper together. I will recommend you wear shooting glasses because the one that I fire does not seal completly. I get some little burning sensations across the forehead. The one I shoot is a replica, but I am amazed at the distance this thing will shoot compared to a muzzle loader with the same powder charge. Hope this helps some.